Types of Urinary Incontinence |
Stress Incontinence |
Causes |
- Weakening of pelvic floor muscle and reduced urethral closure pressure
- Increased intra-abdominal pressure
- More common in females with multiparity, obesity, chronic cough, constipation and elderly |
Signs and Symptoms |
The complaint of involuntary urinary leakage on effort or exertion, or on sneezing or coughing. |
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Urge Incontinence |
Causes |
- Common in people who have overactive bladder
- Due to involuntary detrusor contractions
- Or due to damage of Central Nervous System inhibitory pathways, e.g. Central Vascular Disease, Parkinson's, etc. |
Signs and Symptoms |
- The complaint of involuntary urinary leakage accompanied by or immediately preceded by urgency. |
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Overflow Incontinence |
Causes |
- Due to neurogenic problem, leading to absence of detrusor activity.
- Over-distended bladder to a point where the elevated intra-vesical pressure overcomes the urethral resistance, leading to overflow incontinence. |
Signs and Symptoms |
Frequent leakage of small amount of urine with or without urgency. |
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Functional Incontinence |
Causes |
- Physical disability
- Mental disability
- Environmental barrier |
Signs and Symptoms |
- Due to environmental barrier, physical or mental disability, clients are not able to go to toilet on time. |
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Nocturnal Enuresis |
Causes |
- Common in people who have involuntary detrusor contractions. |
Signs and Symptoms |
- Urinary incontinence occurs during sleeping |
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